Heat-interchange apparatus



March 22, 192,7., R. SELIGMAN HEAT INTERCHANGE APPARATUS Filed .July7 15, 1924:

5 Sheets-Shegat 1 h venta,l

March 2z., 1927.

R. sELxGMAN HEAT INTERCHANGE APPARATUS Filed July l5, 1924 March 22,1927.

R. SELIGMAN Y HEAT INTERCHANGE APPARATUS 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July l5, 1924 1.71 Vieh/tar;-

*M mi Mar h 22 192 I c 7 R. sELlGMAN HEAT INTERCHANGE APPARATUS Filed July 15, 19724 4 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 MHV ff' MUD- March 22 1927.

R. SEUGMAN HEAT INTERCHANGE APPARATUS Filed July l5. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 lli l it

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This invention has reference to the interchange of heat b apparatus of the passages for the li plates provided wit which are or zigzag course tisularly where such apparatus is emp in the treatment of liquids which it is means of lmachine rind inwhich. channe uids are constituted by facial groovesl or Vribs adapted to furnish an extended for the liquids, and par-v or or loyed desirablev should be kept rigidly apart or prevented trom intermingling.

The present invention relates to certain'l improvement-s whereby the apparatus is rendered more particularly applicable for use in the heating and/or cooling of milk beer'l or the` like and theaim ofthe invention is to provide a construction which isada'pted to ensure the .rigid separation of the `liquids I and a continuous exchange of heat, while `alfording a high working eiciency and greater .facility for accem and cleaning. .o

According to this invention the aforesaid rigid separationvof the by associating plates ferred to and so arranging' liquids is obtained of the kind herein. re-

the joints that any leakage `past one'is unable to reach another but will fall clear of the machine.

AThe faces o f the plates conntersunk grooves adapted lto are formed with receive packing cord or strip of such proportion that, when adjacent plates are nested and secured together by halting or the like, the

packing cord,

under pressure of the fightened plates, will become distorted and., while completely filling the said groove, will allovv the adjacent surfaces of the plates to make intimate contact and preserve the seperation of the liquids for the liquid to or One of the passages from the plates may be within this joint arrangement and the other without. a separate joint of similar or di'iercnt shape ymay be accommodated in a groove around the outer passage. provided between the joints Aigroove may be t0 enable liquid leak past either of the joints to be collected 4and to be delivered clear of the machine.

According to a modied'method of obtaining the rigid one of the latter is 0 0 exterior to the main joint just a separation of the liquids passed through assages the plates., 1. 1 v, Assuming a number of4 the aforesaid plates to be employedthe liquid to be heated throu h passa l: annum, or wmBLEDon; `nationalsnfasistencia.' .PLANT Aim vnssm. collrmanlrrnn,

or nounou, generalita.

formed in the plates an connecte' .v j exterior with a header for parallel-workin`g or b. interconnectingelbows wheetheliq.-

in series. Both liquids may preferably such that the continuous zigzag-'passages Aextend andfro from side tosideor .ed

Sages lformed or may admitted to and passed through the conduits in alternate plates, the entry# be- 'tf t edita-1.1 'of the lates. The .liquids arefl lmittedftx) and ex austed from thefconduitsfor'f 'asby means of connections or ori ce's provided in the frame portions of scribed andthe other ,.Z.- within the main' 'joint b way `oliassa es fon te ing at the top and the exit at the bottoni, and the heating litpiid admitted to the othervv plates, the entry the exit at the top. plates would be working in `parallel andthe eat exchan e eiefted by counter. current. The liqui may however be caused to pass eing at the botto'm and.. .In such a.metliodtlie in `series from the one plate tothe next but one in opposite directions,

fashion through the passages formed by alternate pairs'of plates in-which case counter current heat exchange .ih series ywould result.

The` arrangement may however be such that while one liquid is caused to 'pass in series the other liquid may be conducted in parallel- If` esred tie working in pairsl or sets, an up i'opriate heat insulating plate or material lieing interposed as a separating medium'.

In some cases` bined or double construction having interiorly formed channels or` p es which may be of a character similar to t e grooves or channels in the faces of the lates and run parallel therewith, The use o auch a double i. e., in zig-zag plates may be arranged L for i.

he plates may be of com- I plate has the great advantage of reducing the number of joints while an economy in the cost of manufacture is eflected.

By making the grooves or channels very small a high rate of speed may be obtained by the liquid and consequently a high rate of heat interchange. a

The improved apparatus tends to greater etliciency in working and compactness of construction. The channels are very readily cleaned as upon taking the plates apart the grooves Ior channels are exposed and may be cleaned by the application of an ordinary brush.

In'order that the invention may be readily understood and carried into eh'ect saine will now be more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure `Il is a view in section shewing a construction of grooved or channelled plate in connection with a lieaderchannel.

Figure 2 is a similar view shewing a con struction of plate in which grooves or channels are formed on cach face a separating plate being interposed `which extends beyond the main joint but does not reach the secondary joint, the space thus lett providing a passage for thel escape of liquid leaking past either joint.

Figure 3 is a view partly in elevation and partly in section shewing a plate provided with grooves or channels on each outer face and an intervening or central through channel.

Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7 are fragmentary sections taken on the lines lr-4, 5 5, 6-6 and 7-7 respectively of Figure 3.v

Figure 8 is a detail view of the rubber or yielding joints in the lugs 'pertaining to the plates showing grooves whereby liquid leaking past either these joints or the main joints may escape.

Figure 9 is an end view, Figure l0 a side view and Figure 11 a plan corresponding with Figure 9 of an arrangement ot apparatus according to the invention.

Figures 12., 13 and 14 are views respectively similar to Figures 9, l0 and l1 showing an arrangement wherein two connections are in the head and two in the sides of the' plates.

Figure l5 is a side view and llligurev 16 a corresponding plan showing an arrangement in which the connections are made directly in the plates.

Figure 17 is a part elevation and section of a combined or double form oil plate aplicable for use in carrying out the present invention, the upper half of the gure showing, the channels formed on the exterior ot the plate and one ot the admission or exhaust assages pertaining thereto and the lower alf4 the interiorly formed channels or through Ways and one ot the admission or exhaust passages pertaining thereto,

Ait'ace of the plate and the lower half the interiorly `formed channels and one of the admission or exhaust passages pertaining thereto.

Figures 19, 20 and 2l show plates as illusti'ated in Figures 17 and 18 arranged together in the manner of assembling the saine in installing a complete apparatus.

Figure 19 is a transverse section taken on the line 't9-19 in Figure 17.

Figure 20 is a transverse, section talten on the line 20-20 in Figure 17.

F iguie' 2l is a View similar to Figure 19 showing a means of causing liquid to pass from one plate to another in series.

Referring to Figure 1 the plate a is formed or provided with grooves or channels al con stituted by the ribs a2 which project from one face of the plate the other face of the plate being plain or liat and smooth so that CII when a number of such plates are placed together inter-enclosed Aspaces are formed constituting the grooves or channels al. rthe ribs a2 are so arranged as to render the channels in zig-zag fashion so that a long path is provided for the liquid.

rllhe plain lace of each plate is countersunk or termed with a roove a3 for the reception of a resilient packing cord or stri a4 which becomes compressed and distorte uponthe plates being tightened together.

ln this ligure the plates a are shown in connection with a header channel through passages c formed in lateral extensions c" of the plates, the extensions` being connected with the headerl channel I) by union joints d.

llt it be desired to pass the liquid in series trom the one plate to the next but one, the header channel I) would be replaced by appropriate elbows.

ln Figure 2 the plates are shown .foi-ined witha central web a* and grooves or channels al al on either side thereof. A sheet of metal a is arranged between the plates which separates the grooves al and furnishes a space a0 for escape of liojuid.y rlhe grooves or channels inthis arrangement are in comniuiiication with the passageb, provided by the lugs c which are extensions of the plates by way' oit the passagesc".

ln order to render the apparatus liquid-V with a depressible inwardly projecting lip or hangs el. TUpon the plates being tightened together this liange e1 admits otJ a pertectly close and liquid tight joint being gf.

' ment. of the a fected between the parts. The effect 'of tightening the plates together is illustrated in this Figure 2; A

In Figure 8`the lug c* is shown grooved on cach face and provided with the aforesaid resilient packing e the plates being formed with a groove ai for the escape of any li uid that may leak past the joints as hcreinbe ore described.

Referring now to Figures 3 to 7 inclusive, the late is formed on each face with rooves or c iannels a1, a1 and an intervening t rough channel f. The channels a1, a1 are in communication with the liquid supply a5 and the exit a and the through channel with the supply f1 and exitfz. Thus `in this arrangement assuming milk is being heated or cooled by means of hot or cold watenthe milk which passes through the narrow channels a enters by the slot ai and passes out by way of the slot a6 while the water enters by the opening f1 passes, along the passages f and escapes by way of the port f. The directionof flow mayhoweverbe` reversed as will be readily apparent.

Figures and 7` show the intervening through-channel fas a separate plate structure.

It willbe understood that the plate may be used wtlLthe passages vertical or it may be used` with the passages horizontal; lugs g g' serve to supportand guide the plates upon g1 g1` shown in the figures now to be referred to. l

Figures 9, 10 and 11 illustrate an arrangeparatus adapted .for ldirect heating or coo ing wherein the two liquids run in parallel and in opposite directions to one another. In this connection the combined form of plate (see particularly Figures 3 and 6 is suitable, the inlets h h and outlets i 1 ingcarranged in the cover k of the machine and the inlets and outlets on the plates co-axial with the said cover inlets and outlets. By means of this construction and arranlgement all the exterior connections may be eft intact while the machine is opened for cleaning or otherwise.

In Figures 12, 13 and 14 the cover is provided with two inlets. (or outlets) h e' and the sides of one of the plates with outlets (or inlets) h1 1 communicating with channels formed by the holes in the plates as shown in Figure 6.

A further arrangement lsshowu 1n Figures 15 and 16 1u which the lnets and outlets are carried independently of the cover le".4

The water connections for example are shown as lateral flanges-l l1 and (e. g.) the milk connections as screwed joints m m1.

Referring now to Figures 17 to 20 inclusive, from which the arrangement and assembly' of the lates in installing a complete apparatus an the manner of passing 'the liquids into and through the machine will be readily understood, the combined orv double plate is indicated by the vreference numberl l and the plates with interiorly formed channels only by the reference numeral 2.

Each plate 1, 2, is formed on oppositesides thereof, with an extension 0r lug'3, 31 having a transverse passage -or bore 4, 11 respectively. These passages or bores Il, 41 are in communication with the exterior channels or passages 5 formed in each tace of thel late 1 by way oi' openings 6, 61. Thus mi k, for instance, admittedto the passage or bore t finds ingress through the opening 6 to the channels or passages 5 and after traversing the said channels finds egress 'from the latter by way of the corresponding openings 61 to the passage 41 in the lug or extension -3 at the opposite side of the plate.

Similarly each plate 1, 2, is formed on o posite sides with au extension or lug 7, 1

having transverse bores or throughways 8, 81 respectively. These throughways 8, 81 arc in communication with the interiorly formed l channels or passages 9, in each plate 1, 2- by way of openings 10,1101 respectively, so that Water, for example, admitted to the throughway 8 in the lug or extension 7 passes through the o ening l0 to the channels or passages 9 an escapes from the latter by way of the corresponding openin s 101 into the transverse passage 81 in the ug or extension 71 at the opposite side ofthe plate.

Upon assembling a number of plates l and 2 to constitute a complete machineor apparatus accordin to this invention it will be seen that the t roughways 4, 41 and 8, 81 in the respective lugs 3, 31 and 7, 71 4are open to their respective channels or passages 5 and 9- but are c'osed as regards intercommunication so that, assuming milk is being treated, that liquid will be confined to the chan- `nels or passages 5 while the water will be similarly confined to the passages 9 owing to the throughways 8, 81 being open to vthe .rhannes or passages 9 but closed to the channels 5.

The lugs or extensions 3. 31 and 7, 71 on one plate serve as distance pieces or communicating channels to the similar lugs on advicent plates.

means of a groove a? any liquid that may leak past the )oints a* and c1 is allowed to escape.

'ln the foregoing description the liquids or fluids have generally been referred to as passing throughthe machine comprising a nulnk ber of plates as herein described in parallel. It will however be readily understood that they may be caused to pass from one plate to another in series by means of a suitable arrangement of ports.

Inorder expeditiously to change the di.` rection of flow of either liquid removable or interchangeable plugs may be adapted y for being placed in any of the ports so that the machine may serve for instance for heating by parallel flow and cooling by series flow in quick succession. Such-a method of operating is illustrated in Figure 21' from which it will be seen that the bore or passage 4 in the upper side of plate 1 is filled with a solid plug 11 while the bore or passage 41 in the lower side of each adjacent plate 2 is similarly filled with a solid plug 12. If now milk, for example, be introduced into the bore 4 at the right-hand side ot the figure` the milk passing through and flowing along the said bore 4 will be dcflec'ted by the plug 11 into the opening 6,

f on that side of the plug, emerging therefrom into the channels 5 that occur in the same plane and when the 'milk has traversed the said channels (5) it passes into the bore 4l at the lower end of plate 1 and re-traver'ses the said plate by way of the. opening 6l and,

channels 5 on the left hand side, lFinding cgress at the upper end of the plate 1 by way of the opening 6 into the bore or passage 4 on the left hand side of the plug 11. The plugs 12, 12 confine the milkto the channels and passages in plate 1.

I claim 1. Plate apparatus 'for heat interchange which comprises plates having aI ribbed sur- 'face whereof the ribs are arranged in parallel order and form, to and fro of the plates, long continuous zig-zag communicat-` ing channels, plates having plane surfaces for contacting with the said ribbed plates and side closing the said channels, admission and exhaust passages to and from the said channels, countersunk grooves about the margins of the said ribbed plates and the said admission and exhaust passages, resilient packing cord in the said countersunk grooves and means for exerting pressure kon the said plates whereby the said packing cords become compressed and dis'- torted diametrically and the joints between the 'said plates rendered liquid tight.

2. Plate apparatus for heat interchange which comprisesV 'a series of plates each hav-` ing ribs on each face arranged in parallel order and forming, to-and-fro of the plates, s c long` 3. Plate apparatusvfor heatinterchange` which comprises a series of plates having a ribbed surface whereof the ribs are arranged in parallel. order and forni, to-andfro ofthe plates, long continuous zig-zag communicating channe1s a series of plates having plane surfaces `orcontacting with the said ribbed plates and side closing the said channels, apertured ,lugs extending from each plate in each series of' plates to provide admission and exhaust passages tor the liquids to and from the said channels, countersunk grooves about the margins ot the said ribbed plates and adjacent the said admission a'nd exhaust apertures, resilient packing cord in the said countersunk grooves .and means for exerting pressure on the several plate series whereby the said packing cords are compressed and distorted diametrally and the joints between the said plates rendered liquid tight.

4. rPlate apparatus for lheat interchange which comprises a series of plates each having ribs' on each face arranged in parallel order and forming, to-and-fro of the plates, long continuous zig-zag communicating channels, av series of interposed plane face plates for contacting with the faces of the said ribbed plates and side closin the said channels, apertured lugs extending from each of the said plates to rovide admission and exhaust passages or the liquids vto\and from the said channels, countersunk grooves aboutthe margins of the said ribbed faces and adjacent the said admission and exhaust apertures, resilient packing cord located in the said countersunk grooves, and means for exerting pressure on the said plate series whereby the said acking cords are compressed and distorte( diametrally and the joints between the said plates rendered liquid tight.

5. Plate apparatus for heat interchange which comprises a series-of plates each having ribs on its face Aarranged in parallel .order and forming to-and-fro of the plates,

long continuouszig-zag communicating channels, a series of plates each having plane surfaces for contacting with the said facially ribbedplates and side closing the saidl channels, apertured lugs 'extending from each ofthe plates of each series to provide admission and exhaust passages for the liquids to and from the said channels. countersunk grooves about the margins of thesaid facially ribbed and channelled plates,` resilient packing cord in the said countersunk grooves to constitute the mam joints inthe plate assembly, countcrsunk grooves adjacent the aforesaid ,admission and exhaust apertures, resilient packing cord in the said last mentioned countersunk grooves to constitute secondary joints 1n the passages for the liquids, the passage for one liquid being within the said main joint lll and the passages for the other liquid without the said joint, and means for exertin pressure on the plates whereby the said packing cords become compressed and distorted diametrally and the said joints rendered liquid tight.

6. Plate apparatus for heat interchange which comprises a serieso plates each havribs on each face arranged in parallel or er and forming, to-and-ro of the plates, long continuous zig-zag communicating channels, a series of interposed plane -face plates or contacting with the faces of the side closing the said secondary joints in the said admission and said exhaust assages, the passages for one liquid being within the said main joint and the passages for the other liquid without the joint and means for exerting pressure on the plates Iwhereby the said resi ient packing cords become compressed and distorted diametrally and the said joints rendered li uid tight. i

(l. ln plate apparatus for efecting intervchange of heat, the combination of a series of racially grooved plates with a series of plates having plane surfaces adapted to contact with said grooved ,faces and to close the aforesaid grooves, apertured lugs` extending from each of said plates to provide admission and exhaust assages thereto and therefrom, countersunk face rooves in the facially grooved plates, resi ient packing cords located in said grooves'adapted to constitute the main joint between adjacent plates and to embrace one set of said admission and exhaust passages 'and a secondary joint for the said admission and exhaust passages not embraced by said -main joint.

8. In plate apparatus for effecting interchange of heat, the combination of a .series of facally grooved plates with a series ot plates havingV plane surfaces adapted toc'onl tact with said grooved faces and to close the atorefaid grooves, a rtured lugs extending from each of sai plates to provide admission and exhaust passages to and from the channels, countersunk face grooves in the acially grooved plates and resilient packing cords located in said grooves adapted to constitute the main joint between adjacent plates and to embrace one of the admission and exhaust passages,

a secondary joint for the said admission and exhaust passages not embraced by said main joint and a groove formed in the faces o the plates outside the main joint and between the latter and the secondary joint to conduct away leakage from either of said joints.

9. In plate apparatus for effecting interchange of heat, the combination of a series of facially grooved plateswith a series of plates having plane surfaces Vadapted to contact with said grooved faces and to close the aforesaid grooves, apertured lugs extendine` from each of-said plates to provide admission and exhaust passages to and from the said channels, connecting passages formed in the frame portio s of thejfacially grooved plates, countersun face grooves 1n the facially grooved plates, resilient packinglocated in said ooves adapted to constitute the main joint between adjacent plates and to embrace one of the admissionl and exhaust passages anda secondary joint for the admission and exhaust passages not embraced by said main joint.

10. In plate apparatus for effecting interchange of heat, the combination of a series Y of facially grooved plates, with a series of plates having plane surfaces adapted to contact with said grooved faces yand to close the aforesaid grooves, a ertured lugs extending from each of sai plates to provide admission and exhaust'passages to and from the rooves, connecting assages formed in the rame portions of tie faciall grooved plates, countersunk face rooves 1n the faciall grooved cate in said grooves adapted to form the main joint between adjacent contacting plates and to embrace one set of admission and exhaust passages, a secondary joint forA the admission and exhaust passages notembraced by said main joint and a .groove formed in the faces o the lates outside the main joint and between t e latter and the secondary joint to conduct away leakage from either of said joints.

11. Plate apparatus' for heat interchange .which comprises a series of plates each having ribs on each face arranged in parallel order and forming to-and-fro of the plates, long continuous zig-zag communicating channels, a series of plates each' having plane surfaces adapted to contact` with the said ribbed faces and to side close-the said zigzag channels, apertured lu s extending from all of said plates to provie admission and exhaust passages to and from the channels, .countersunk face grooves in the facially ribbed and channelled plates, resilient packing cord located in said grooves adapted to plates, resilient packing vlol llu constitute the main joint between adjacent joint, resilient packing cord in said last plates outside the main joint and between mentioned grooves to constitute the secthe latter and the secondary 'oint to conduct ondary joint, meansfor'exerting pressure on away leakage from -either o said joints. `10 the plates whereby the said packin cords be- In witness Whereofl have hereunto sub- 5 come compressed and distorted diametrally scribed my signature.

and the Said joints rendered liquid tight, A 'i A and a groove formed in the faces of the x RICHARD SELIGMAN. 

